Recent development of cognitive neuroscience shows the increasing capacity to propose neurobiological accounts of social cognition. Much research in fields such as neuroeconomics, neuroethics and neuroesthetics offers “brain-based” explanations of behaviour. But what is a “brain-based” explanation? And what is its relation with higher- level explanations? We may call “neurobiological fundamentalism” the thesis that the neural level is epistemologically fundamental – and that the higher-level explanations supplied by the special sciences such as psychology, are derivative. In this context, the main aim of the present paper is to criticize neurobiological fundamentalism and to offer an alternative account based on explicative pluralism, a perspective that emphasizes the plurality of concepts, methods and evidential resources that characterise contemporary science of the mind.
I recenti sviluppi delle neuroscienze cognitive sono caratterizzati da una crescente capacità di rendere conto della cognizione sociale. Molti studi nei campi della neuroeconomia, neuretica, neuroestetica e così via offrono spiegazioni del comportamento “basate sul cervello”. Ma cos’è una spiegazione basata sul cervello? E qual è la sua relazione con le spiegazioni di livello superiore? Possiamo chiamare fondamentalismo neurobiologico la tesi che il livello neurale è epistemologicamente fondamentale – e che le spiegazioni fornite dalle scienze speciali come la psicologica sono derivate. In questo quadro, lo scopo principale del presente lavoro è criticare il fondamentalismo neurobiologico e offrire una spiegazione alternativa basata sul pluralismo esplicativo, una prospettiva che enfatizza la pluralità di concetti metodi, e risorse probatorie che caratterizzano la scienza della mente contemporanea.
La penultima verità? Naturalismo e neurofilosofia
DI FRANCESCO M
2010-01-01
Abstract
Recent development of cognitive neuroscience shows the increasing capacity to propose neurobiological accounts of social cognition. Much research in fields such as neuroeconomics, neuroethics and neuroesthetics offers “brain-based” explanations of behaviour. But what is a “brain-based” explanation? And what is its relation with higher- level explanations? We may call “neurobiological fundamentalism” the thesis that the neural level is epistemologically fundamental – and that the higher-level explanations supplied by the special sciences such as psychology, are derivative. In this context, the main aim of the present paper is to criticize neurobiological fundamentalism and to offer an alternative account based on explicative pluralism, a perspective that emphasizes the plurality of concepts, methods and evidential resources that characterise contemporary science of the mind.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.